Once upon a time in an FC Standard long
long ago we used to specify TX Jitter as DJ, RJ, and Total jitter.
And they all added up quite neatly until
one day someone made the observation that we where over-limiting the jitter.
He observed that if one did better on one component of jitter (DJ or RJ),
shouldn't he be allowed exceed the other parameter as long as he didn't
exceed Total jitter. At the time, we had the choice of specifying "DJ
and Total" or "RJ and Total". Which ever was chosen, the
opposite jitter attribute would be allowed to exceed the limit then applied
by specifying the three components of jitter: DJ, RJ, and Total jitter.
If "DJ and Total" were chosen, receivers would have to
tolerate RJ up to near the Total jitter number if someone designed a near
perfect DJ transmitter. If "RJ and Total" were chosen, a receiver
would have to tolerate DJ up to near the Total jitter number if someone
came up with a transmitter with exceedingly low RJ. After a lot of
discussion, "DJ and Total" was chosen because the consensus at
that time was that a receiver could tolerate a little more RJ in the presence
of well controlled DJ, but that well controlled RJ did not guarantee that
a receiver could tolerate DJ that was a larger proportion of Total jitter.
The current version of 07-063 uses an
"RJ and Total" jitter specification at 6Gbp/s. While receivers
have improved dramatically, I still do not think that they have improved
to the point that the transmit device's DJ should not be specifically limited
by a "DJ and Total" methodology. If receivers can provably tolerate
more DJ at the transmitter than is currently specified, then we should
increase it. However, I think it should still be intentionally limited
within TJ, leaving RJ as the jitter component that can be increased in
the presence of better DJ. After all, we are going to be faced with
closed, or near closed eyes and the primary component of this 'closing'
will be ISI, which is DJ. The ISI basically shrinks the amplitude of high
transition bits that follow a low transition region. DJ from other
sources, such as the transmitter, basically time skew these same low amplitude
high transition bits from the center of the eye, further smearing the eye.
We need not only limit the eye closure allowed by ISI, we need also
to intentionally limit the displacement of these amplitude challenged bits
from the center of the eye. The ‘channel’ that interconnects the
transmitter to the receiver creates additive DJ to the transmit signal
from such sources as ISI (mentioned above), imperfect terminations, impedance
discontinuities at connectors, via’s, packages, crosstalk, etc.
These DJ sources also skew the low amplitude high transition bits from
the center of the eye. The effects of the majority of these sources
of DJ on a signal are not easily quantified, and the universe of creatively
intermixing these sources of DJ onto a signal in a ’channel’ is certainly
not contained in a single S-parameter file of an external 10meter SAS cable.
To then allow a transmitter without ‘clearly defined DJ limits’
to drive such a channel is ill advised. The hope of developing a
6G standard that specifies all parts of the TX-RX link in a manner that
results in achieving the near-zero bit error rate desired by storage system
developers necessitates keeping a "DJ" jitter specification on
the transmitter.
It may even require retuning to the
method of long ago: intentionally limiting “RJ” and “DJ”, since I assume
we did not change from a “DJ and Total” jitter specification (that has
been used to successfully develop several generations of near-zero bit
error rate storage systems) to an “RJ and Total” specification unless
this change addressed a known problem. Recovering signals that are
‘closed’ is after all, a new endeavor in near-zero bit error rate storage
systems, and may require specifying both RJ and DJ along with Total Jitter
(i.e. the limit on RJ and DJ do not necessarily have to add up to Total
Jitter; the three attributes {RJ, DJ, Total} just need to constrain the
measured transmitter performance in a manner that increases the opportunity
for building a new generation of near-zero bit error rate storage systems).
Regards,
Al
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Allen Kramer
Phone: 952-402-2624
Fax: 952-402-3471
Seagate Confidential
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